The Tale of Jang장생전 · 蔣生傳

Jang shares the grain he begs and imitates every kind of sound. A night beyond the palace walls and a reunion after death turn a street performer into a man who defies easy explanation.

Heo Gyun records the abilities and deeds of Jang, whom he says he knew well in his youth. Beginning with begging and singing, the story moves to a night in the palace, a mysterious death, and a wartime reunion. This is Heo Gyun's Tale of Jang from Seongso Bubugo, distinct from the work of the same title in Damjeong Yugo. The retelling below follows the course of that Classical Chinese original.

Heo Gyun · Seongso Bubugo, Volume 810 minGuided reading
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The Tale of Jang

This is the complete English version of MeKorean’s modern Korean retelling of the main scenes. It is not an official ITKC translation or a line-by-line scholarly translation. Consult the Classical Chinese original for its precise wording.

No one really knew where Jang came from. Around the year called Gichuk, he traveled about Seoul begging, and when asked his name, said he did not know it himself. He offered a little more when asked about his family. His father had been the jwasu of Miryang, he said, and his mother had died when he was three. Believing a concubine's accusations, his father sent him to a servant's household, where a marriage was arranged for him at fifteen. When his wife too died a few years later, he wandered through many districts before reaching Seoul.

He was handsome and well turned out, with eyes and eyebrows as fine as a painting. He spoke well and answered quickly; above all, he sang beautifully. His voice could move people's hearts. He always wore the same lined purple silk robe, in cold weather and hot alike. He frequented taverns and places where singers gathered. Whenever there was wine, he filled his own cup, sang to his heart's content, enjoyed himself, and left.

His imitations at drinking parties were remarkable too. He reproduced the behavior of a blind fortune-teller, a drunken shaman, a lazy scholar, an abandoned wife, and a beggar, each with perfect likeness. By moving his face he could also take on the features of the eighteen arhats. With pursed lips he produced the sounds of pipes, flutes, and other instruments, followed by the calls of many birds. When he crowed like a rooster or barked like a dog at night, the neighbors' chickens and dogs answered him.

Each morning Jang went to beg in the market. He collected three or four mal of grain in a day, but cooked only a few doe for himself and shared the rest with other beggars. Child beggars therefore followed him in a line whenever he set out. The same thing happened the next day. Though he lived on what others gave him, he did not keep everything he received. People found his conduct as difficult to fathom as his abilities.

For a time Jang stayed at the home of the musician Lee Han. There he regularly met a young woman learning the hogeum, a bowed string instrument, and they became close. One day she lost a purple phoenix ornament set with beads. A handsome young man had approached her in the street that morning, teased her, and drawn close; afterward the ornament was gone. When she wept, Jang told her to stop crying. Promising to recover it by evening, he slipped lightly away.

When he returned that evening, Jang called for the young woman and took her out. They followed the western wall of Gyeongbokgung Palace to the corner of Sinhomun Gate. There he tied a broad sash around her waist, wrapped it around his left arm, and leaped into the air. They flew over gate after gate into the dark palace. Before she could make out their route, they reached Gyeonghoeru Pavilion, where two young men greeted them with candles. Jang and the men looked at one another and laughed heartily.

The young men brought out quantities of gold, beads, and silk from a hiding place above a beam. The lost phoenix ornament was among them. Once it was returned, Jang told the pair to be careful and not let people in the world discover their movements. He then took the young woman back over the walls in flight and delivered her home. Before dawn she went to Lee Han's house to thank him, but found Jang lying drunk and snoring. Those nearby had not even known he had gone out during the night.

Early in the fourth month of the Imjin year, Jang drank a great deal on credit and danced in the street. He kept singing until late at night, when he collapsed on Supyogyo Bridge. People found him the next morning, already dead. Yet the insects said to have formed as his corpse decayed all grew wings and flew away. Within one night his body vanished, leaving only his clothes and socks. The end of this familiar street figure became stranger than any feat he had performed.

Hong Sehui, a military man particularly close to Jang, said that he met him at Joryeong Pass that same month while going to resist the invasion. Wearing straw shoes and carrying a staff, Jang took his hand in welcome. He said he had not died but was leaving to find a land east of the sea. He then warned Hong that, if he encountered fighting that year, he should head for the woods rather than the water. In the Jeongyu year he should not go south, and even if official duties took him there, he must not enter a mountain fortress. With that, Jang walked away as though flying and soon vanished.

During a battle that year, Hong Sehui remembered Jang's words and escaped into the mountains, saving his life. In the Jeongyu year, however, he went south on official duty and forgot the warning. Pursued by the enemy, he heard that Hwangseok Fortress was defended and entered it; when it fell, he died with the others. The story places one warning that saved his life beside another forgotten warning that led to death. Heo Gyun adds that he joked familiarly with Jang in his youth and saw his abilities himself. He then asks whether Jang might have been one of the sword immortals of old tales.

End
Glossary 6 terms
Jwasu (좌수)
The head of a local advisory council in Joseon. This is the position Jang says his father held.
Musician (악공, akgong)
Someone whose occupation was performing music. Lee Han, in whose home Jang stayed, was a musician.
Hogeum (호금)
A string instrument played with a bow. The young woman in the original is learning it.
Arhat (나한, nahan)
An enlightened practitioner in Buddhism. Jang imitates the faces of the eighteen arhats.
Joryeong (조령)
A pass connecting the Yeongnam region with central Korea, also called Saejae. Hong Sehui says he meets Jang again there.
Sword immortal (검선, geomseon)
An immortal with swordsmanship and supernatural powers. Heo Gyun raises the possibility at the end as he wonders who Jang was.

Sources for this work

Heo Gyun · Seongso Bubugo, Volume 8 · Institute for the Translation of Korean Classics (ITKC), Korean Classics Database

ITKC_MO_0292A_0090_010_0050

The individual Seongso Bubugo original XML dataset on Korea's Public Data Portal was verified on 2026-11-07 as free of charge and carrying no restrictions on the scope of permitted use. The Classical Chinese text follows that verified public XML. The modern retelling, commentary, and questions were newly written from the original. This English version translates MeKorean's modern Korean retelling and reading material; it is neither an official ITKC translation nor a literal scholarly translation of the Classical Chinese.

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